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Search for Tuberculosis in Infectious Diseases
Physician-authored summaries on the latest research on tuberculosis, editorials on tuberculosis, and perspectives on tuberculosis - drawn from the top medical journals.
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You searched for: tuberculosis in Infectious Diseases
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A Recombinant Vaccine for Tuberculosis
- May 2, 2012
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
In a phase IIa trial, vaccination with MVA85A was well tolerated and induced T-cell responses in individuals with HIV infection, Mtb infection, or both.- Reviewing:
- Scriba TJ et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012 Apr 1; 185:769.
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Low Vitamin D Levels Linked to Active Tuberculosis Free
- November 30, 2011
- Richard T. Ellison III, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Seasonal declines in mean vitamin D levels were followed by seasonal increases in TB notifications.- Reviewing:
- Martineau AR et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Nov 22; 108:19013. Realegeno S and Modlin RL., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Nov 22; 108:18861.
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Active Case Finding Useful for Tuberculosis
- October 20, 2010
- Mary E. Wilson, MD
- Infectious Diseases
In Zimbabwe, two community-based strategies were effective in identifying cases and decreasing transmission.- Reviewing:
- Corbett EL et al., Lancet 2010 Oct 9; 376:1244. Getahun H and Raviglione M., Lancet 2010 Oct 9; 376:1205.
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Rapid Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Low-Income Countries
- September 1, 2010
- Larry M. Baddour, MD
- Infectious Diseases
An automated molecular test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampin resistance demonstrated excellent sensitivity using untreated sputum from patients with suspected pulmonary infection.- Reviewing:
- Boehme CC et al., N Engl J Med 2010 Sep 1;: Small PM and Pai M., N Engl J Med 2010 Sep 1;:
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How Common Is Reactivation Tuberculosis?
- August 25, 2010
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
In a population-based tuberculin skin-test survey, the rate of reactivation TB was 0.070 to 0.099 per 100 person-years.- Reviewing:
- Horsburgh CR Jr et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010 Aug 1; 182:420.
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Distinguishing Active from Latent Tuberculosis
- August 4, 2010
- Thomas Glück, MD
- Infectious Diseases
A modified QuantiFERON-TB Gold test that simultaneously measures interleukin-2 and interferon-? levels allowed differentiation between latent infection and active disease.
CME Exam- Reviewing:
- Biselli R et al., Clin Microbiol Infect 2010 Aug; 16:1282.
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New Approaches to Diagnosing Pediatric Tuberculosis
- August 4, 2010
- Mary E. Wilson, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Gastric-aspirate specimens cultured using the microscopic-observation drug-susceptibility technique yielded the best results.- Reviewing:
- Oberhelman RA et al., Lancet Infect Dis 2010 Jul 26;: Graham SM., Lancet Infect Dis 2010 Jul 26;:
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Intermittent Therapy for Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Patients
- April 21, 2010
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Bacteriologic recurrence was more common with 6 months of thrice-weekly anti-TB therapy than with 9 months of such therapy.- Reviewing:
- Swaminathan S et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010 Apr 1; 181:743.
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Liquid vs. Solid Culture for Ruling Out Active Tuberculosis
- April 21, 2010
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
In a study involving 435 HIV-infected patients in Peru, a liquid culture tool consistently detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples within 21 days.- Reviewing:
- Reddy KP et al., Clin Infect Dis 2010 Apr 1; 50:988.
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A Better Approach for Tuberculosis Screening and Diagnosis Free
- February 24, 2010
- Rajesh T. Gandhi, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Almost all HIV-infected patients with TB have cough, fever, or night sweats; however, culture is required for diagnosis in most patients with these symptoms.- Reviewing:
- Cain KP et al., N Engl J Med 2010 Feb 25; 362:707.
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Tuberculosis: Environment vs. Heredity
- December 19, 2007
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
A reanalysis of Prophit survey data revealed that the TB concordance rate in twin pairs is determined more by intensity of exposure than by zygosity.- Reviewing:
- van der Eijk EA et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007 Dec 15; 176:1281.
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The Benefits of Contact Investigation for TB Free
- May 16, 2012
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Active TB was diagnosed in 1% of contacts within 4 years after exposure; chemoprophylaxis of those with latent infection significantly reduced the risk for active disease.- Reviewing:
- Anger HA et al., Clin Infect Dis 2012 May 1; 54:1287.
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Correlating Xpert MTB/RIF Results with Sputum Smear Status
- February 22, 2012
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
In a study involving 130 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, an Xpert MTB/RIF cycle time >31.8 indicated an 80% likelihood of smear negativity.- Reviewing:
- Theron G et al., Clin Infect Dis 2012 Feb 1; 54:384. Fennelly KP., Clin Infect Dis 2012 Feb 1; 54:389.
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A Four-Drug Fixed-Dose Combination Regimen for TB
- April 27, 2011
- Richard T. Ellison III, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Using four drugs in a fixed-dose combination was just as safe and effective for intensive TB treatment as using the same drugs separately.- Reviewing:
- Lienhardt C et al., JAMA 2011 Apr 13; 305:1415.
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Rapid Diagnostic Test for TB Effective in Low-Resource Settings
- April 27, 2011
- Mary E. Wilson, MD
- Infectious Diseases
The Xpert MTB/RIF test had high sensitivity and specificity for detecting TB and multidrug-resistant TB and also shortened time to diagnosis.- Reviewing:
- Boehme CC et al., Lancet 2011 Apr 30; 377:1495. Kranzer K., Lancet 2011 Apr 30; 377:1467.
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The Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy on TB in Africa
- November 10, 2010
- Richard T. Ellison III, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Mathematical modeling suggests that frequent HIV testing and prompt treatment could significantly reduce tuberculosis incidence.- Reviewing:
- Williams BG et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010 Oct 25;:
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Drug-Resistant TB Among Gold Miners in South Africa Free
- February 3, 2010
- Mary E. Wilson, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Among gold miners in South Africa (many of them HIV infected), TB drug resistance spread despite treatment adherence.- Reviewing:
- Calver AD et al., Emerg Infect Dis 2010 Feb; 16:264.
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Short-Course Rifapentine for Latent TB?
- December 23, 2009
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Three months after treatment completion, no relapses of pulmonary TB were seen among mice that received 8 weeks of the long-acting rifamycin rifapentine.- Reviewing:
- Zhang T et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009 Dec 1; 180:1151.
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Immune Response from Bronchoalveolar Lavage Mononuclear Cells Diagnoses Active TB
- October 21, 2009
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
ELISpot performed on bronchoalveolar mononuclear cells had a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 79% in diagnosing active disease.- Reviewing:
- Jafari C et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009 Oct 1; 180:666.
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Moxifloxacin Instead of Isoniazid for Pulmonary TB? Free
- August 19, 2009
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
In a multinational trial, rates of culture negativity after 2 months of therapy were similar between the two drugs.- Reviewing:
- Dorman SE et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009 Aug 1; 180:273.
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